| Source of record | UK Clinical Trials Gateway |
| ISRCTN | ISRCTN75807800 |
| Date ISRCTN assigned | 07/06/2007 |
| Local reference number(s) | BITES1 |
| Public title | Brief Intervention for Type 1 diabetes: Education for Self efficacy |
| Scientific title |
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| Acronym | BITES |
| Disease/condition/study domain | Type 1 diabetes |
| Study hypothesis | Our hypothesis was that the effectiveness of a brief (2.5-day) psycho-educational intervention for self-management in people with type 1 diabetes in a realistic clinical out-patient setting would be comparable to that of established longer interventions. |
| Design/methodology | Pragmatic, randomised controlled trial. Secondary care setting. |
| Research ethics review | Approved by York Research Ethics Commitee. Ref: 01/08/016 |
| Countries of trial | United Kingdom |
| Participants - inclusion criteria | Participants were recruited from the Diabetes Centre of York Health Services NHS Trust. Eligibility criteria were: 1. Type 1 diabetes for longer than 12 months 2. Multiple injection therapy for at least two months 3. Minimum age 18 4. Able and willing to participate in the intervention
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| Participants - exclusion criteria | 1. Children under age 18 2. Type 1 for less than 12 months 3. Incapacity to participate fully in the programme |
| Patient information material |
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| Anticipated start date | 01/06/2003 |
| Anticipated end date | 01/07/2007 |
| Status of trial | Completed |
| Target number of participants | 120 |
| Interventions | Brief Intervention in Type 1 Diabetes: Education for Self-Efficacy Course (BITES), developed by a multi-disciplinary team including Consultant Diabetologist, Diabetes Specialist Nurse, Specialist Diabetes Dietician and Clinical Health Psychologist, and delivered as a 2.5-day course over a 6-week period to allow participants time to practice and reflect between sessions. The sessions were facilitated by a Diabetes Specialist Nurse and Specialist Diabetes Dietician. The goal of BITES is to motivate and enable the patients to strive for blood glucose values as normal as possible. All those agreeing to participate will be asked to convert to a basal bolus insulin regime based on two injections of isophane insulin (morning and evening) and meal-related rapid acting insulin. Insulin dose adjustment skills will be based on the Dusseldorf and DAFNE (Dose Adjustment For Normal Eating) principles of treatment to target glucose and insulin matching to carbohydrate portions. The nutritional emphasis will be on normal eating and unrestricted patient choice. The control group recieved standard care. |
| Primary outcome measure(s) | The following were meausred at 3, 6 and 12 months: 1. HbA1c 2. Severe Hypoglycaemia |
| Secondary outcome measure(s) | The following were meausred at 3, 6 and 12 months: 1. Blood pressure 2. Weight 3. Height 4. Total cholesterol 5. Triglycerides 6. Psychological questionnaire with the following scales: 6.1. Short Form 36 6.2. Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ) 6.3. Diabetes Knowledge Test (DKT) 6.4. Diabetes Empowerment Scale (DES) 6.5. Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (DTS-Q) 6.6. Hypoglycaemia Fear Scale (HFS) 6.7. Diabetes Health Profile (DHP) 6.8. Diabetes Self-Managing Adherence questionnaire (DSMA-Q) |
| Publications | Study protocol on http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17868462 |
| Sources of funding | York NHS Trust Research and Development Innovation Fund. Ref 01/08/016 (UK) |
| Sponsor name | York Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (UK) |
| Sponsor details | York Hospital Wigginton Road York United Kingdom YO318HE |
| Sponsor website | http://www.yorkhealthservices.org/ |
| Contact name | Dr Jonathan Thow |
| Contact details | York Hospital Wigginton Road York United Kingdom YO318HE |
| More information | For more up-to-date information please go to the ISRCTN link below. |
| Link to record in ISRCTN Register | ISRCTN75807800 |
| Date last extracted from ISRCTN register | 17/04/2008 |