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Telephone-based behaviour-therapeutic intervention to reduce family caregiver burden in chronic stroke (Telefongestützte verhaltenstherapeutische Intervention zur entlastung Pflegender angehöriger von Schlaganfall-betroffenen)
ISRCTN ISRCTN86289718
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier
Public title Telephone-based behaviour-therapeutic intervention to reduce family caregiver burden in chronic stroke (Telefongestützte verhaltenstherapeutische Intervention zur entlastung Pflegender angehöriger von Schlaganfall-betroffenen)
Scientific title
Acronym TIPS
Serial number at source 328/2006V
Study hypothesis A telephone-based behaviour-therapeutic intervention for family caregivers in chronic stroke can reduce their subjective caregiver burden and depressive symptoms. It does not raise total costs of formal and informal care or indirect costs.
Lay summary
Ethics approval The ethics committee of the University of Tuebingen (Germany) (www.uni-tuebingen.de), gave a positive vote for the study on the 25th October 2006 (ref: 328/2006V).
Study design Prospective randomised controlled trial
Countries of recruitment Germany
Disease/condition/study domain Burden of family caregivers of chronic stroke survivors
Participants - inclusion criteria Care recipient:
1. 60 years or older at the time moment of index stroke* (loss of neurological function due to an ischaemic or haemorrhagic intracranial vascular event)
2. Formal need of care or help for at least 1.5 hours a day (10.5 hours per week) (this time criteria corresponds to the criteria for receiving benefits from the statutory German nursing insurance), or
3. Need of care in form of supervision or for care recipients with cognitive impairment for at least 1.5 hours a day (10.5 hours per week) (these people are currently not adequately considered by the statutory German nursing insurance, but might be in the future)

Caregiver:
1. Age: 18 years and older
2. Family member, who has cared for the stroke survivor for at least six months
3. Time spent with care of stroke survivor (including nursing care, supervision and contact) at least 1.5 hours per day or 10.5 hours per week. There can be additional support with care (e.g. professional community nurses)
4. Significant caregiver burden assessed with six screening questions
5. Living in the region of Stuttgart (maximum of one hour with public transport from the study centre)
6. Availability of a telephone extension
7. At enrolment, plan to remain in area for the duration of the intervention
8. Ability to communicate over the telephone

* In the case of recurring strokes the index stroke is defined as the last stroke that increases the demand of care in a significant way
Participants - exclusion criteria Care recipient:
1. Planned nursing home placement within the next six months
2. Unstable or progressive severe disease
3. Terminal status based on a prognosis of less than six months

Caregiver:
1. Duration of caregiving for the stroke survivor more than five years after index stroke
2. Mental disease like schizophrenia, alcohol addiction or cognitive impairment (rapid dementia screening test less than nine points)
3. Severe and unstable or progressive diseases like cancer
4. Not able to understand and speak German language
5. Temporary increased caregiver burden because of an acute illness (greater than repetition of the screening after such an episode of increased burden)
6. Involved in another clinical trial of interventions for caregivers (non-drug study)
Anticipated start date 01/03/2007
Anticipated end date 31/10/2010
Status of trial Completed
Patient information material Not available in web format, please use the contact details below to request a patient information sheet
Target number of participants 104 participants after 12 months
Interventions Intervention group:
Telephone-based problem solving training over 12 months. It comprises two home visits (after randomisation and month three) and regular telephone contacts with decreasing frequency over 12 months:
1. Month one: weekly
2. Months two to three: biweekly
3. Months 4 to 12: monthly, plus up to four additional optional contacts

The problem solving procedure is structured into the following six steps using different cognitive-behavioural techniques like cognitive restructuring and communication skill training according to a fixed intervention manual:
1. Problem definition and facts
2. Optimism and orientation
3. Goal setting
4. Generation of alternatives
5. Decision making
6. Implementation and verification

For initial problem orientation a card sorting procedure with 40 cards is used. The intervention is delivered by a psychologist.

Intervention and control group:
All participants receive a monthly information letter by post on care-giving or stroke related issues (i.e., caregiver rights, nutrition, relaxation techniques) over one year.

Interventions and assessments are delivered by different teams; the assessment team is blinded to the different groups by the study centre. Because communicating of their status by the participants a complete blinding is probably not possible.
Primary outcome measure(s) 1. Subjective caregiver burden (Sense of Competence Questionnaire [SCQ])
2. Caregiver depression (the Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale [CES-D])
3. Total costs of formal and informal care
4. Indirect costs

Measured at:
T0 (Agreement) primary and secondary outcomes
T1 (3 ½ months after T0) primary and secondary outcomes
T2 (12 months after T0) primary and secondary outcomes
T3 (24 months after T0) and T4 (36 months after T0) institutionalisation rates
Secondary outcome measure(s) 1. Ability of social problem solving
2. Social activities
3. Social support
4. Subjective physical symptoms
5. Burden of behavioural symptoms
6. Subjective health related quality of life
7. Qualitative analysis of caregiver burden with description of main problem areas with the card set
8. Institutionalisation rates of care recipients over a prolonged observational period

Measured at:
T0 (Agreement) primary and secondary outcomes
T1 (3 ½ months after T0) primary and secondary outcomes
T2 (12 months after T0) primary and secondary outcomes
T3 (24 months after T0) and T4 (36 months after T0) institutionalisation rates
Sources of funding 1. Central Associations of the Statutory Health Insurances (Spitzenverbaende der Pflegekassen), represented by the Federation of Salaried Employees Health Insurance Funds (Verband der Angestellten-Krankenkasse e.V.) (Germany)
2. Added 20/07/09: Central National Association of the Statutory Health Insurance Funds (GKV-Spitzenverband) (Germany) since 01/07/2008
Trial website
Publications
Contact name Prof  Martin  Hautzinger
  Address Abteilung für Klinische Psychologie und Entwicklungspsychologie
Universität Tübingen
Christophstr. 2
  City/town Tübingen
  Zip/Postcode 72072
  Country Germany
  Email hautzinger@uni-tuebingen.de
Sponsor Robert Bosch Hospital (Robert-Bosch-Krankenhaus) (Germany)
  Address c/o Klaus Pfeiffer
Geriatrisches Kompetenzzentrum
Robert-Bosch-Krankenhaus
Auerbachstr. 110
  City/town Stuttgart
  Zip/Postcode 70376
  Country Germany
  Email klaus.pfeiffer@rbk.de
  Sponsor website: http://www.rbk.de/01.html
Date applied 05/04/2007
Last edited 20/07/2009
Date ISRCTN assigned 22/06/2007
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