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High Intensity Exercise Training in Type 2 Diabetes
ISRCTN ISRCTN78698481
DOI 10.1186/ISRCTN78698481
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier
EudraCT number
Public title High Intensity Exercise Training in Type 2 Diabetes
Scientific title The effect of exercise on metabolism and liver lipid in people with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)
Acronym T2DHIT
Serial number at source N/A
Study hypothesis The original hypothesis was that exercise would decrease liver fat independent of weight loss. Due to the clinically meaningful observations that were found during this study, those with more advanced glucose control problems were included to allow us to make comments about the impact of glucose control upon liver fat and cardiac function. It was hypothesized that exercise would improve glucose control, decrease liver fat and improve cardiac function in those with Type 2 Diabetes.
Lay summary Background and study aims
Recent information suggests that exercise may help people with type 2 diabetes improve their glucose control by increasing the ability of the body to burn fat, and increasing the sensitivity of the body to food.
We aim to show the effect of exercise on sensitivity of the body to food, levels of fat in the liver and abdomen, and heart function.

Who can participate?
Men and Women aged between 30-70 years with Type 2 Diabetes, have a body mass index (BMI) between 25-35kg/m2 and who currently take part in no regular exercise.

What does the study involve?
You will be assigned to one of two groups. The first group will do three exercise sessions per week over 12 weeks. Each exercise session will involve you using a stationary cycle and resistance band, and will last about 40 minutes. A member of the research team will come with you on your first session to familiarise you with doing the exercises safely and after that an ipod with exercise tracks will guide you through the remaining sessions. Exercise will be held at a local gym which you choose and your gym membership will be paid for during the study. To maintain your weight throughout the study you will be given high calorie food supplements if your weight goes down by more than 1%.
The second group will not do the exercise sessions or be required to undertake any exercise over the 12 weeks. If you are placed in this group, at the end of the study you will be given the opportunity to receive the exercise training, though this is not compulsory.
Both groups will attend the Newcastle Magnetic Resonance Centre at the Newcastle General Hospital, or the Royal Victoria Infirmary on 5-9 occasions over 3 months. These visits include fasting blood tests, exercise tests, magnetic resonance scans and body composition measurements. You will wear a small device on your upper arm for 7 consecutive days before the 12 weeks and at the end to measure physical activity levels.

What are the possible benefits and risks of participating?
Being more physically active may be beneficial to the level of fat in your liver and if sustained after the study, may help in preventing other complications such as heart disease. You will have supervised exercise sessions which will teach you about your body, show you how to exercise correctly and help you become more physically fit.
This study involves exercise so there are no side effects. Disadvantages of the study could be the time given up to participate and some people can experience claustrophobia (fear of confined spaces) in the magnetic resonance scan but if this happens we immediately stop the scan.

Where is the study run from?
The Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University.

When is the study starting and how long is it expected to run for?
The study started in September 2012 and aims to finish on 30th September 2013.

Who is funding the study?
National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre for Ageing and Age Related Diseases.

Who is the main contact?
Sophie Cassidy
s.cassidy@newcastle.ac.uk
Ethics approval All the procedures involved in this trial have been in accordance with institutional ethical standards and the Helsinki declaration. The original study received a favorable opinion from the Newcastle and North Tyneside 1 Research and Ethics Committee on the 07/10/2008. The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals Trust gave approval for the research to be conducted within the trust on 31/10/2008. The amended study was given approval by the Newcastle and North Tyneside 1 Research and Ethics Committee on the 17/04/2012 and the Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals Trust on the 04/07/2012.
Study design Single site open label randomized controlled study
Countries of recruitment United Kingdom
Disease/condition/study domain Type 2 Diabetes
Participants - inclusion criteria 1. Aged between 30-70 years old
2. Diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes which is metformin or diet controlled
3. BMI 25-35 kg/m2
4. Take part in no regular exercise
Participants - exclusion criteria 1. The absolute and relative contraindications to exercise testing as stated by the American Heart Association (Fletcher et al., 2001)
2. Taking insulin/Sulfonylurea/ TZD/ Beta-blockers
3. Contraindications for MRI scanning
4. Heart or kidney disease
5. Undergoing dietary change
Anticipated start date 01/09/2012
Anticipated end date 30/09/2013
Status of trial Ongoing
Patient information material Not available in web format, please use the contact details below to request a patient information sheet
Target number of participants 28
Interventions The exercise group will be given a high intensity exercise prescription for 3 sessions per week for 12 weeks. Each session will include 40 minutes of mainly cycling exercise in which intensity will be individually tailored and monitored using the rate of perceived exertion scale. Exercise sessions will be conducted at the participant’s local gym following familiarisation by a member of the research team.

The control group will their clinical care without any additional advice. They will be offered Exercise Counselling and Supervision similar to the treatment group at the end of their evaluation.
Primary outcome measure(s) Glucose control (HbA1c)
Secondary outcome measure(s) 1. Liver fat
2. Abdominal fat
3. Cardiac function
4. Resting and exercise metabolism (lipid oxidation)
5. Cytokine production
6. Insulin sensitivity
7. Physical Activity
Sources of funding National Institute for Health Research (UK) - Biomedical Research Centre for Ageing and Age Related Diseases
Trial website
Publications
Contact name Prof  Michael  Trenell
  Address Newcastle Magnetic Resonance Centre
Campus for Ageing and Vitality
Newcastle Univeristy
  City/town Newcastle Upon Tyne
  Zip/Postcode NE3 5JB
  Country United Kingdom
  Tel +44 (0)191 248 1150
  Fax +44 (0)191 248 1151
  Email m.i.trenell@ncl.ac.uk
Sponsor Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (UK)
  Address Joint Research Office
Level 6, Leazes Wing
Royal Victoria Infirmary
Queen Victoria Road
  City/town Newcastle Upon Tyne
  Zip/Postcode NE1 4LP
  Country United Kingdom
  Tel +44 (0)191 282 5492
  Fax +44 (0)191 282 4524
  Email Manju.Agarwal@nuth.nhs.uk
  Sponsor website: http://www.newcastle-hospitals.org.uk/
Date applied 18/12/2012
Last edited 23/01/2013
Date ISRCTN assigned 23/01/2013
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