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"SPOT Sign" seLection of Intracerebral haemorrhage to Guide Haemostatic therapy
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ISRCTN
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ISRCTN29749408
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ClinicalTrials.gov identifier
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Public title
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"SPOT Sign" seLection of Intracerebral haemorrhage to Guide Haemostatic therapy
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Scientific title
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"SPOT Sign" seLection of Intracerebral haemorrhage to Guide Haemostatic therapy: a randomised controlled trial
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Acronym
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SPOTLIGHT
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Serial number at source
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210358
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Study hypothesis
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1. Primary objective:
To investigate the haemostatic effects of recombinant activated factor VIIa (rFVIIa) in spot-sign positive intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) patients. The study will compare the effects of rFVIIa versus placebo on attenuating ICH growth, and identify variables that modify treatment response.
Hypothesis:
rFVIIa-treated patients will have significantly less ICH growth compared to placebo-treated patients, as measured by the average ICH volume on computed tomography (CT) scan at 24 hours post-treatment and the average absolute change in ICH volume (ml) from baseline to 24 hours. We expect the greatest efficacy in patients treated early (less than 3 hours post-onset) and quickly (less than 40 minutes after CT angiography [CTA]), and without baseline intraventricular haemorrhage.
2.1. Secondary objective 1:
To obtain feasibility data and safety data for this emergency rFVIIa treatment protocol in spot-sign positive ICH patients.
Hypothesis:
2.1.1. Target numbers will be met
2.1.2. Sites able to scan patients with CTA rapidly, with greater than 80% achieving a target time of less than 45 minutes from emergency department arrival to the start of the scan
2.1.3. Enrolling physicians will interpret the presence/absence of a spot sign on CTA in the context of the trial with greater than 90% accuracy, as compared to blinded over-read by the "gold standard" study neuroradiologist
2.1.4. Sites be able to randomise and treat patients rapidly, with greater than 80% achieving a target time of less than 60 minutes from the end of the CT angiogram to administration of study drug
2.1.5. Low rate of major protocol violations (less than 5%) during the first 18 months and thereafter
2.1.6. Ability to control blood pressure acutely, defined as achieving systolic blood pressure (BP) less than 180 mmHg within 1 hour post-randomisation, will be achieved in greater than 90% patients using a standard protocol. This will be an important demonstration that will have relevance for other future studies of ICH management.
2.1.7. The incidence of myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke within 4 days, and 90-day mortality rate, in the rFVIIa group will not exceed the rates observed in previous trials based on our stricter eligibility criteria
2.2. Secondary objective 2:
To evaluate the acceptability and effects of implementing a waiver of consent for CTA in this emergency stroke trial, and to evaluate the applicability, acceptability and effects of a waiver of consent for randomization to treatment in this trial.
Hypothesis:
2.2.1. Site REBs will approve the proposed inclusion of a waiver of consent policy for CTA in the study protocol, and this waiver of consent policy will be acceptable to patients/LARs
2.2.2. Sites in this trial will have significantly shorter door-to-CTA times and door-to-needle times and greater efficacy for this time-sensitive treatment versus patients in other trials (e.g. STOP-IT) using standard consent for CTA and randomisation
2.2.3. The majority of site REBs will approve the proposed option of a waiver of consent for randomisation to treatment in this trial, and the majority of patients/LARs surveyed will be in favour of such a waiver of consent option for randomisation to treatment in a future hypothetical trial
2.3. Secondary objective 3:
To evaluate cognition and quality of life as endpoints in an ICH trial.
Hypothesis:
Survivors of ICH will have cognitive impairments and reduced quality of life, measurable on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Stroke Impact Scale at 90 days and 1 year.
2.4. Secondary objective 4:
To obtain preliminary clinical efficacy data for rFVIIa treatment in spot sign positive patients (a pooled analysis with other similar trials is planned).
Hypothesis:
Spot-sign patients treated with rFVIIa will have a lower probability of poor outcome compared to placebo-treated patients, as measured by the proportion with modified Rankin score 5-6 (death or severe disability) at 90 days and 1 year. ICH survivors who received rFVIIa will have a greater probability of good recovery compared to placebo, defined as the proportion with modified Rankin Score 0 - 2 at 90 days and 1 year.
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Lay summary
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Not provided at time of registration
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Ethics approval
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Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre Research Ethics Board approved, pending Health Canada approval, on the 12th of October 2010
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Study design
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Phase II multicentre two-arm double blind placebo controlled randomised trial
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Countries of recruitment
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Canada
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Disease/condition/study domain
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Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH)
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Participants - inclusion criteria
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1. Acute spontaneous primary supratentorial ICH diagnosed by CT scan
2. Evidence of active contrast extravasation within the haematoma as defined by the presence of a spot sign on CTA source images. [Note: CTA should ideally be performed immediately after the baseline CT scan. If CTA is going to be delayed more than 20 minutes after the baseline CT, then a new baseline plain head CT must be obtained immediately prior to CTA]. A spot sign must meet the following criteria:
2.1. One or more foci of contrast enhancement within the margin of a parenchymal haematoma
2.2. Any size or morphology (shape may be spot-like, linear or serpiginous)
2.3. Spot sign(s) must not have any connection to vessels outside the haematoma
2.4. Hounsfield unit density at least double that of background haematoma density (density of spot sign is typically greater than 120 Hounsfield units)
2.5. No corresponding density present within the haematoma on non-contrast CT
3. Baseline ICH volume 3 - 70 ml, estimated using the standard "abc/2" calculation on the baseline plain head CT
4. Age 18 - 85 years (participants must have had their 18th birthday and not their 86th birthday), males and females
5. Investigator is able to randomise and administer study drug within 60 minutes after CT angiogram and no later than 6 hours after stroke symptom onset (using the "last seen normal" principle)
6. Assent-consent from patient or LAR prior to enrolment, or a waiver of consent if patient/LAR assent-consent is not possible prior to enrolment. [Note: full informed consent to be obtained as soon as possible after study treatment administered].
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Participants - exclusion criteria
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Diagnostic/imaging exclusions:
1. Brainstem or cerebellar haemorrhage
2. ICH secondary to known or suspected trauma, aneurysm, vascular malformation, hemorrhagic conversion of ischemic stroke, venous sinus thrombosis, thrombolytic treatment, tumour, or infection; or an in-hospital ICH or ICH as a result of any in-hospital procedure or illness
3. Baseline brain imaging shows evidence of acute or subacute ischaemic stroke (chronic infarcts are not an exclusion)
Clinical exclusions:
4. Glasgow Coma Scale score less than 8 at time of proposed enrolment
5. Known pre-existing dependence or moderate or severe disability, defined as pre-admission modified Rankin Scale score greater than 2. [Note: Patients must be independent in all basic activities of daily living and are excluded if they cannot walk independently without the assistance of another person (use of a cane or walker is not an exclusion) or if they require assistance from another person for basic activities of daily living (e.g. dressing, transfers, feeding, bathing, toileting)]. Patients with advanced dementia or admitted from a nursing home are excluded (cognitive impairment alone, without dementia, is not an exclusion to enrolment).
6. Evidence of thromboembolic risk factors, defined as any of the following: known history within the past 6 months of myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass surgery, angina, ischemic stroke, transient ischemic attack, carotid endarterectomy, cerebral bypass surgery, deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, or any vascular angioplasty or stenting (coronary, peripheral vascular or cerebrovascular) or filter; or known history of a high-risk thrombophilia (e.g. antithrombin III deficiency, antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, protein C deficiency, etc.)
7. Known hereditary (e.g. haemophilia) or acquired haemorrhagic diathesis or coagulation factor deficiency
8. Any condition the investigator feels would pose a significant hazard if rFVIIa were administered
9. Planned surgery for ICH within 24 hours (placement of intraventricular catheter is not an exclusion)
10. Terminal illness or planned withdrawal of care or comfort care measures
11. Known participation in another therapeutic trial
12. Known allergic reaction or intolerance to recombinant activated factor VII, or iodinated contrast dye
13. Known or suspected hypersensitivity to trial product
Medication exclusions:
14. Known unfractionated heparin use – must check PTT and exclude if elevated above upper limit of local lab's reference range
15. Known low-molecular weight heparin, heparinoid, factor X inhibitor, or direct thrombin inhibitor use within previous 24 hours
16. Known GPIIb/IIIa antagonist use in previous 2 weeks
17. Known warfarin use - must check INR and exclude if International Normalised Ratio (INR) greater than 1.50
18. Concurrent or planned treatment with prothrombin complex concentrate, vitamin K, fresh frozen plasma, or platelet transfusion
Clinical/laboratory exclusions:
19. Pregnancy or lactation [Note: women of childbearing potential must have a negative pregnancy test prior to randomisation]
20. Current clinical symptoms suggestive of acute coronary ischaemia (e.g. chest pain)
21. Baseline electrocardiogram (ECG) evidence of acute coronary ischemia (e.g. ST elevation in 2 contiguous leads, new LBBB, ST depression)
22. Baseline troponin T or troponin I greater than 0.1 ng/ml
23. Baseline blood work platelet count less than 50,000 or INR greater than 1.50 or elevated PTT. [Note: participants can be enrolled without awaiting these results unless a bleeding abnormality or thrombocytopenia is suspected, the participant is known to have been taking warfarin or heparin, or anticoagulation use is uncertain].
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Anticipated start date
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03/01/2011
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Anticipated end date
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03/01/2016
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Status of trial
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Ongoing |
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Patient information material
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Not available in web format, please use the contact details below to request a patient information sheet
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Target number of participants
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N = 110, 55 patients per group
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Interventions
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Patients randomised (1:1) to receive either a single intravenous bolus of 80 ug/kg rFVIIa (intervention group) NiaStase RT®, or placebo (control group).
Treatment is administered one time. Total duration of follow up is one
year, with follow up assessments post-treatment and at 24 hours, days 1,
2, 3, 4, hospital discharge, day 30, day 90 and 1 year.
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Primary outcome measure(s)
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ICH growth within 24 hours between the active drug and placebo. The ICH volume will be measured by analysing the baseline CT scan compared to the CT scan at 24 hours, by means of linear regression. The 24 hour ICH volume will be summarised for each group by descriptive statistics and the adjusted treatment effect and 95% confidence interval will be obtained from the regression model.
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Secondary outcome measure(s)
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Measured by completing CRF forms to capture date and time of study related assessments such as:
1. Blood work
2. Informed consent processes
3. Vitals
4. Well-established grading scales, occurring at regular intervals. The grading scales are already used clinically by many sites, and are all incorporated into this trial. Patients will be assessed at baseline, immediately after dosing, days 1 - 4, 30, 90 and 1 year post based on the following scales:
4.1. Glasgow Coma Scale
4.2. NIH Stroke Scale
4.3. Barthel Index
4.4. Modified Rankin Score
4.5. MoCA cognitive assessment
4.6. Stroke Impact Scale
4.7. EQ-5D
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Sources of funding
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Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) (Canada) - http://www.cihr-irsc.gc.ca (ref: 210358, committee code RC2)
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Trial website
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Publications
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Contact name
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Dr
David
Gladstone
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Address
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Division of Neurology
Department of Medicine
University of Toronto
Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre
2075 Bayview Avenue
Room A442
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City/town
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Toronto
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Zip/Postcode
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M4N 3M5
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Country
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Canada
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Sponsor
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Sunnybrook Research Institute (Canada)
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Address
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c/o Dr David Gladstone MD, PhD, FRCPC
Division of Neurology
Department of Medicine
Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre
2075 Bayview Avenue
Room A442
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City/town
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Toronto
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Zip/Postcode
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M4N 3M5
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Country
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Canada
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Date applied
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06/10/2010
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Last edited
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14/03/2012
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Date ISRCTN assigned
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12/11/2010
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